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The Heritage of Edirne in Ottoman and Turkish Times

Author : Birgit Krawietz
Publisher : de Gruyter
Release Date : 2020
ISBN : 9783110634136
Pages : 0 pages
Rating : 4.1/5 (139 Download)

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Download and Read The Heritage of Edirne in Ottoman and Turkish Times PDF by Birgit Krawietz Full Book and published by de Gruyter. This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern scholarship has not given Edirne the attention it deserves regarding its significance as one of the capitals of the Ottoman Empire. This edited volume offers a reinterpretation of Edirne's history from Early Ottoman times to recent periods of the Turkish Republic. Presently, disconnections and discontinuities introduced by the transition from empire to nation state still characterize the image of the city and the historiography about it. In contrast, this volume examines how the city engages in the forming, deflecting and creative appropriation of its heritage, a process that has turned Edirne into a UNESCO heritage hotspot. A closer historical analysis demonstrates the dissonances and contradictions that these different interpretations and uses of heritage produce. From the beginning, Edirne was shaped by its connectivity and relationality to other places, above all to Istanbul. This perspective is employed at many different levels, e.g., with regard to its population, institutions, architecture, infrastructures and popular culture, but also regarding the imaginations Edirne triggered. In sum, this multi-disciplinary volume boosts urban history beyond Istanbul and offers new insight into Ottoman and Turkish connectivities from the vantage point of certain key moments of Edirne's history.

The Heritage of Edirne in Ottoman and Turkish Times

Author : Birgit Krawietz
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2019-12-16
ISBN : 3110639084
Pages : 592 pages
Rating : 4.6/5 (639 Download)

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Download and Read The Heritage of Edirne in Ottoman and Turkish Times PDF by Birgit Krawietz Full Book and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2019-12-16 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern scholarship has not given Edirne the attention it deserves regarding its significance as one of the capitals of the Ottoman Empire. This edited volume offers a reinterpretation of Edirne’s history from Early Ottoman times to recent periods of the Turkish Republic. Presently, disconnections and discontinuities introduced by the transition from empire to nation state still characterize the image of the city and the historiography about it. In contrast, this volume examines how the city engages in the forming, deflecting and creative appropriation of its heritage, a process that has turned Edirne into a UNESCO heritage hotspot. A closer historical analysis demonstrates the dissonances and contradictions that these different interpretations and uses of heritage produce. From the beginning, Edirne was shaped by its connectivity and relationality to other places, above all to Istanbul. This perspective is employed at many different levels, e.g., with regard to its population, institutions, architecture, infrastructures and popular culture, but also regarding the imaginations Edirne triggered. In sum, this multi-disciplinary volume boosts urban history beyond Istanbul and offers new insight into Ottoman and Turkish connectivities from the vantage point of certain key moments of Edirne’s history.

Edirne

Author : Izabela Miszczak
Publisher : ASLAN Izabela Sobota-Miszczak
Release Date : 2021-03-10
ISBN : 8395654065
Pages : pages
Rating : 4.6/5 (654 Download)

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Download and Read Edirne PDF by Izabela Miszczak Full Book and published by ASLAN Izabela Sobota-Miszczak. This book was released on 2021-03-10 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Once known as Adrianople and Hadrianopolis, and today as Edirne, this border town of the European part of Turkey is an astonishingly inconspicuous place. If the visitors come to see it, it is mainly for one of two reasons. The huge draw for the people who love historical architecture is the magnificent Selimiye Mosque Complex, built by the most famous Ottoman architect, Sinan, and proudly listed by the UNESCO as the world heritage site. The unusual location of Edirne, at the confluence of three rivers, has always been a mixture of blessings and disastrous floods, and was even recorded in the Greek mythology, in the story of matricidal Orestes. The traces of the indigenous inhabitants of the area, the Thracians, that gave the region its name, are scattered near Edirne. These mysterious dolmens, so frequently associated with Western Europe only, still guard many secrets of the past of Thrace. While this book is the tale of the city and its monuments, it is foremost the history of its inhabitants. One of the ambitions of the author was to record beautifully multicultural and multi-ethnic past, still reflected in Edirne's architecture. Unfortunately, the intricate mosaic of various religions and nationalities is no more, its pieces scattered by the wars, conflicts, and disasters.

The Balkan Route

Author : Florian Riedler
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2021-04-06
ISBN : 3110617064
Pages : 251 pages
Rating : 4.6/5 (617 Download)

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Download and Read The Balkan Route PDF by Florian Riedler Full Book and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2021-04-06 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume approaches the topic of mobility in Southeast Europe by offering the first detailed historical study of the land route connecting Istanbul with Belgrade. After this route that diagonally crosses Southeast Europe had been established in Roman times, it was as important for the Byzantines as the Ottomans to rule their Balkan territories. In the nineteenth century, the road was upgraded to a railroad and, most recently, to a motorway. The contributions in this volume focus on the period from the Middle Ages to the present day. They explore the various transformations of the route as well as its transformative role for the cities and regions along its course. This not only concerns the political function of the route to project the power of the successive empires. Also the historical actors such as merchants, travelling diplomats, Turkish guest workers or Middle Eastern refugees together with the various social, economic and cultural effects of their mobility are in the focus of attention. The overall aim is to gain a deeper understanding of Southeast Europe by foregrounding historical continuities and disruptions from a long-term perspective and by bringing into dialogue different national and regional approaches.

Regulating Non-Muslim Communities in the Seventeenth-Century Ottoman Empire

Author : Radu Dipratu
Publisher : Routledge
Release Date : 2021-09-02
ISBN : 1000434931
Pages : 232 pages
Rating : 4.4/5 (434 Download)

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Download and Read Regulating Non-Muslim Communities in the Seventeenth-Century Ottoman Empire PDF by Radu Dipratu Full Book and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-09-02 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume investigates how the peace and trade agreements, better known as capitulations, regulated Catholics in the Ottoman Empire. As one of the many non-Muslim groups that made up Ottoman society, Catholic communities were scattered around the Empire, from the Hungarian plains to the Aegean Islands and Palestine. Besides the more famous cases of the French capitulations of 1604 and 1673, this work explores the evolution of often ignored religious privileges granted by the Ottoman sultans to the Catholic rulers of Venice, the Holy Roman Empire, and Poland-Lithuania, as well as to the Protestant Dutch Republic and Orthodox Russia. While focused on the seventeenth century, precedents of the fifteenth century and later developments in the eighteenth century are also considered. This volume shows that capitulations essentially addressed the presence and religious activities of Catholic laymen and clerics and the status of churches. Furthermore, it demonstrates that European translations, the primary sources of previous scholarly works, offered a flawed perspective over the status of Catholics under Muslim rule. By drawing heavily on both original Ottoman-Turkish texts and previously unpublished archival material, this volume is an ideal resource for all scholars interested in the history of Catholicism in the seventeenth-century Ottoman Empire.

Connected Stories

Author : Mohamed Meouak
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2022-06-06
ISBN : 3110773651
Pages : 322 pages
Rating : 4.7/5 (773 Download)

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Download and Read Connected Stories PDF by Mohamed Meouak Full Book and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2022-06-06 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Concepts such as influence, imitation, emulation, transmission or plagiarism are transcendental to cultural history and the subject of universal debate. They are not mere labels imposed by modern historiography on ancient texts, nor are they the result of a later interpretation of ways of transmitting and teaching, but are concepts defined and discussed internally, within all cultures, since time immemorial, which have yielded very diverse results. In the case of culture, or better Arab-Islamic cultures, we could analyze and discuss endlessly numerous terms that refer to concepts related to the multiple ways of perceiving the Other, receiving his knowledge and producing new knowledge. The purpose of this book evolves around these concepts, and it aims to become part of a very long tradition of studies on this subject that is essential to the understanding of the processes of reception and creation. The authors analyze them in depth through the use of examples that are based on the well-known idea that societies in different regions did not remain isolated and indifferent to the literary, religious or scientific creations that were developed in other territories and moreover that the flow of ideas did not always occur in only one direction. Contacts, both voluntary and involuntary, are never incidental or marginal, but are rather the true engine of the evolution of knowledge and creation. It can also be stated that it has been the awareness of the existence of multidimensional cultural relations which has allowed modern historiography on Arab cultures to evolve and be enriched in recent decades.

Ways of Knowing Muslim Cultures and Societies

Author :
Publisher : BRILL
Release Date : 2018-12-24
ISBN : 9004386890
Pages : 550 pages
Rating : 4.3/5 (386 Download)

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Download and Read Ways of Knowing Muslim Cultures and Societies PDF by Full Book and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2018-12-24 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume showcases a variety of innovative approaches to the study of Muslim societies and cultures, inspired by and honouring Gudrun Krämer and her role in transforming the landscape of Islamic Studies.

Foreigners in Muscovy

Author : Simon Dreher
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2022-12-15
ISBN : 1000802981
Pages : 280 pages
Rating : 4.8/5 (82 Download)

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Download and Read Foreigners in Muscovy PDF by Simon Dreher Full Book and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-12-15 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Between the late fifteenth and early eighteenth centuries, the State of Muscovy emerged from being a rather homogenous Russian-speaking and Orthodox medieval principality to becoming a multi-ethnic and multi-religious empire. Not only the conquest of the neighbouring Tatar Khanates and the colonisation of Siberia demanded the integration of non-Christian populations into the Russian state. The ethnic composition of the capital and other towns also changed due to Muscovite policies of recruiting soldiers, officers, and specialists from various European countries, as well as the accommodation of merchants and the resettlement of war prisoners and civilians from annexed territories. The presence of foreign immigrants was accompanied by controversy and conflicts, which demanded adaptations not only in the Muscovite legal, fiscal, and economic systems but also in the everyday life of both native citizens and immigrants. This book combines two major research fields on international relations in the State of Muscovy: the migration, settlement, and integration of Western Europeans, and Russian and European perceptions of the respective "other". Foreigners in Muscovy will appeal to researchers and students interested in the history and social makeup of Muscovy and in European–Russian relations during the early modern era.

Turkey in Turmoil

Author : Berna Pekesen
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2020-06-22
ISBN : 3110654504
Pages : 339 pages
Rating : 4.6/5 (654 Download)

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Download and Read Turkey in Turmoil PDF by Berna Pekesen Full Book and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2020-06-22 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The essays in this book are the first scholarly attempt to examine the complex interrelation of social change and political radicalization during the 1960s. In analyzing topics ranging from the 1968 student uprising, working class politics and trade unionism, Anti-Americanism, right-wing and left-wing militant action, communitarian violence, state coercion, and the artistic representation of these phenomena the contributors offer insights to help to answer why the experiences of this decade turned so radical with lasting polarizing effects on contemporary Turkish society today. Even though issues surrounding the topic are at the very center of intellectual and political debates in today ́s Turkey, such as the collective remembrance of the Turkish “68ers” and of the anti-communist state persecution and prosecution after the military intervention in 1980, a cohesive analysis of this era is still strikingly absent in scholarly works. Thus, “Turkey in Turmoil” is unique in many regards. As important as the presented diversity in research perspectives, the volume will also showcase multiple and, at some point, contesting and even provocative perspectives on the subject at hand.

The SAGE International Encyclopedia of Travel and Tourism

Author : Linda L. Lowry
Publisher : SAGE Publications
Release Date : 2016-09-01
ISBN : 1483368963
Pages : 1640 pages
Rating : 4.3/5 (368 Download)

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Download and Read The SAGE International Encyclopedia of Travel and Tourism PDF by Linda L. Lowry Full Book and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2016-09-01 with total page 1640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Taking a global and multidisciplinary approach, The SAGE International Encyclopedia of Travel and Tourism brings together a team of international scholars to examine the travel and tourism industry, which is expected to grow at an annual rate of four percent for the next decade. In more than 500 entries spanning four comprehensive volumes, the Encyclopedia examines the business of tourism around the world paying particular attention to the social, economic, environmental, and policy issues at play. The book examines global, regional, national, and local issues including transportation, infrastructure, the environment, and business promotion. By looking at travel trends and countries large and small, the Encyclopedia analyses a wide variety of challenges and opportunities facing the industry. In taking a comprehensive and global approach, the Encyclopedia approaches the field of travel and tourism through the numerous disciplines it reaches, including the traditional tourism administration curriculum within schools of business and management, economics, public policy, as well as social science disciplines such as the anthropology and sociology. Key features include: More than 500 entries authored and signed by key academics in the field Entries on individual countries that details the health of the tourism industry, policy and planning approaches, promotion efforts, and primary tourism draws. Additional entries look at major cities and popular destinations Coverage of travel trends such as culinary tourism, wine tourism, agritourism, ecotourism, geotourism, slow tourism, heritage and cultural-based tourism, sustainable tourism, and recreation-based tourism Cross-references and further readings A Reader’s Guide grouping articles by disciplinary areas and broad themes

Turkey's Jewish Heritage Revisited

Author : Roysi Ojalvo Kamayor
Publisher :
Release Date : 2018
ISBN : 9786052380383
Pages : 139 pages
Rating : 4.3/5 (381 Download)

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Download and Read Turkey's Jewish Heritage Revisited PDF by Roysi Ojalvo Kamayor Full Book and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Sport and Nationalism in Asia

Author : Fan Hong
Publisher : Routledge
Release Date : 2016-04-14
ISBN : 131757401X
Pages : 144 pages
Rating : 4.5/5 (574 Download)

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Download and Read Sport and Nationalism in Asia PDF by Fan Hong Full Book and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-04-14 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by a team of international scholars, Sport and Nationalism in Asia - Power, Politics, and Identity is a collection of original research which addresses a number of issues central to notions of nationalism and identity in sport including: how the Olympics and other international and regional sports events have fostered an active interweaving of sport, politics and nationalism; the role of traditional sport in the building of national consciousness and national identity; the way modern sport creates and reflects nationalism, thereby giving it a voice and a focus. The book covers eight case studies on countries/regions across West Asia, Central Asia and East Asia. It is one of the few works that examines the relationships between sport, politics and nationalism from Asian perspective. This book was published as a special issue of the International Journal of the History of Sport.

Contested Spaces in Contemporary Turkey

Author : Fatma Müge Göçek
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Release Date : 2017-06-30
ISBN : 1786722283
Pages : 320 pages
Rating : 4.7/5 (722 Download)

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Download and Read Contested Spaces in Contemporary Turkey PDF by Fatma Müge Göçek Full Book and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2017-06-30 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most significant political development of the post-Cold War era was, arguably, the diffusion of neoliberalism across the globe. Yet behind the illusion of abundance and development, the 'rule of the market' can be violent and destructive, exploiting the environment, dismissing cultural or historical conservation and ignoring individual rights. This book now examines the emergence and consequences of neoliberalism in Turkey. Of particular importance to the study are the contested spaces - those sites of struggle and protest - where the impact of this economic system is challenged or negotiated. The contributors look beyond the neoliberal cities of the West - Istanbul and Ankara - to take into account the rest of the country and the groups that are most negatively affected: such as the Kurds, women and migrants. Chapters consider the complexity of neoliberalism in Turkey, where the power of the market, the agenda of the state, and significantly, the country's past, are shown to have shaped current economic practices and policies. Contested Spaces in Contemporary Turkey sheds new light on the societal processes that are re-shaping modern Turkey, a subject which is of increasing importance considering Erdogan's new model for an Islam-based state and in the aftermath of the July 2016 military coup attempt. It is at the cutting edge of research on urban history and social space and will be a significant resource for scholars of Turkish Studies and Kurdish Studies.

Mehmed the Conqueror and His Time

Author : Franz Babinger
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Release Date : 1992-11-08
ISBN : 9780691010786
Pages : 618 pages
Rating : 4.7/5 (781 Download)

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Download and Read Mehmed the Conqueror and His Time PDF by Franz Babinger Full Book and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 1992-11-08 with total page 618 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the most important figures in Ottoman history, Mehmed was the architect of victories that inspired fear throughout Europe and contributed to an image of the Turk prevalent in Western art and literature for many years. From the Western viewpoint, Mehmed was seen as the man who gave the death blow to Byzantium, destroying the last vestige of the Eastern Roman Empire. Not surprisingly, the Turks regard him as the greatest of all sultans, a figure unparalleled in the history of the world for military prowess, statecraft and patronage of the arts and sciences.

The Heritage of Arabo-Islamic Learning

Author : Maurice A. Pomerantz
Publisher : BRILL
Release Date : 2015-10-14
ISBN : 900430746X
Pages : 696 pages
Rating : 4.3/5 (37 Download)

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Download and Read The Heritage of Arabo-Islamic Learning PDF by Maurice A. Pomerantz Full Book and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2015-10-14 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The Heritage of Arabo-Islamic Learning leading scholars around the world, present twenty-five studies explore diverse areas of Arabo-Islamic tradition in honor of a leading scholar and teacher, Dr. Wadad A. Kadi (Prof. Emerita, University of Chicago).

Divided Spaces, Contested Pasts

Author : Lucienne Thys-Şenocak
Publisher : Routledge
Release Date : 2016-04-30
ISBN : 1317149076
Pages : 250 pages
Rating : 4.1/5 (149 Download)

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Download and Read Divided Spaces, Contested Pasts PDF by Lucienne Thys-Şenocak Full Book and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-04-30 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Gallipoli peninsula in Turkey was the site of one of the most tragic and memorable battles of the twentieth century, with the Turks fighting the ANZAC (Australian New Zealand Army Corps) and soldiers from fifteen other countries. This book explores the history of its landscape, its people, and its heritage, from the day that the defeated Allied troops of World War One evacuated the peninsula in January 1916 to the present. It examines how the wartime heritage of this region, both tangible and intangible, is currently being redefined by the Turkish state to bring more of a faith-based approach to the secularist narratives about the origins of the country. It provides a timely and fascinating look at what has happened in the last century to a landscape that was devastated and emptied of its inhabitants at the end of World War One, how it recovered, and why this geography continues to be a site of contested heritage. This book will be a key text for scholars of cultural and historical geography, Ottoman and World War One archaeology, architectural history, commemorative and conflict studies, European military history, critical heritage studies, politics, and international relations.

Studies in Ottoman and Turkish History

Author : Stanford Jay Shaw
Publisher :
Release Date : 2000
ISBN :
Pages : 634 pages
Rating : 4.7/5 (76 Download)

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Download and Read Studies in Ottoman and Turkish History PDF by Stanford Jay Shaw Full Book and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction: Life with the Ottomans ... 9 PART I. CLASSICAL OTTOMAN HISTORY 1) 'The Land Law of Ottoman Egypt (960-1553): A Contribution to the Study of Landholding in the Early Years of Ottoman Rule in Egypt, ' Der Islam, vol. 38 (1962), pp. 106-137. ... 19 2) 'The Ottoman View of the Balkans, ' The Balkans in Transition, ed. Ch. and B. Jelavich, (University of California, Press, 1963) pp. 56-80. ... 49 PART II. OTTOMAN MODERNIZATION IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY: THE TANZIMAT 3) 'The Ottoman Empire and the Serbian Uprising, 1804- 1807', The First Serbian Uprising, 1804-1813, ed. W.S. Vucinich, (Brooklyn College Press, 1982) pp. 71-94 ... 71 4) 'Some Aspects of the Aims and Achievements of the Nineteenth Century Ottoman Reformers, ' Beginnings of Modernization in the Middle East: The Nineteenth Century, ed. W.R. Polk and R.L. Chambers (University of Chicago, 1968), pp. 29-39. ... 91 5) 'The Origins of Ottoman Military Reform: The Nizam-i Cedid Army of Sultan Selim III, ' Journal of Modern History, XXXVII/3 (September 1965), pp. 291-306 ... 101 6) 'The Established Ottoman Army Corps under Sultan Selim III (1789-1807), ' Der Islam, vol. 40 (1965), pp. 142-184. . 119 7) 'Selim III and the Ottoman Navy, ' Turcica I (1969), pp. 212-241. ... 159 8) 'The Origins of Representative Government in the Ottoman Empire: An Introduction to the Provincial Councils, 1839- 1876,' Near Eastern Round Table, 1967-68, ed. R. Bayly Winder (New York University, 1968), pp. 53-142. ... 183 9) 'The Central Legislative Councils in the Nineteenth Century Ottoman Reform Movement before 1876,' International Journal of Middle East Studies I (1969), pp. 51-84 ... 233 10) 'Local Administrations in the Tanzimat', 150. Ytlinda Tanzimat, ed. Hakli Dursun Ylldlz (Ankara 1993) pp 33- 49 . ... 269 11) 'The Nineteenth Century Ottoman Tax Reforms and Revenue System, ' International Journal of Middle East Studies VI (1975), pp. 421-459. ... 287 12) 'Sultan Abdiilhamid II: Last Man of the Tanzimat', Tanzimat'ln 150. Ytlddniimii Uluslararasi Sempozyumu: Bildiriler, (T.C. Kuiltiir Bakanllgl: Milli Kiitiiphane Basbakanhgl 1991) pp. 179-97. ... 329 13) 'The Ottoman Census System and Population, 1831-1914,' International Journal of Middle East Studies IX (1978), pp. 325-338 ... 351 14) 'Ottoman Population Movements during the Last Years of the Empire, 1885-1914: Some Preliminary Remarks, ' Osmanli Ara;strmalarnlJournal of Ottoman Studies I (Istanbul, 1980), pp. 191-205. ... 367 15) 'The Population of Istanbul in the Nineteenth Century, ' Tarih Dergisi XXXII (1979), pp. 403414. ... 381 16) 'Iranian Relations with the Ottoman Empire in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries' Cambridge History of Iran, vol. 7: From Nadir Shah to the Islamic Republic (Cambridge University Press, 1991) pp. 297-313. ... 393 III. THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE AND THE TURKISH REPUBLIC IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY 17) 'Turkey from the Young Turk Revolution until World War II, ' Siidosteuropa-Handbuch IV: Tiirkei, ed. Klaus-Devlev Grothusen (Gottingen, 1985), pp. 27-56. ... 411 18) 'Turkey in the Great War, 1911-1923,' X. Turk Tarih Kongresi (Ankara, 1993), pp. 1707-1720. ... 441 19) 'The Political Success of Mustafa Kemal Atattirk during the First Year of the Turkish War for Independence, November 1918-July 1919,' Revue Internationale d'Histoire Militaire, no. 50: Edition turque (Ankara 1981), pp. 245-257. ... 453 20) 'The Resettlement of Refugees in Turkey during World War I and the Turkish War for Independence, 1917-1923.' The Turkish Studies Association Bulletin vol. 22, no. 1 (spring 1998), pp. 58-90. ... 463 21) 'Turks and Jews, ' Archivum Ottomanicum XIII (Harrasowitz Verlag, 1993-1994), pp. 313-327. ... 501 22) 'Christian Anti-Semitism in the Ottoman Empire' Belleten C. LIV Sa. 291 (Turk Tarih Kurumu 1990) pp. 1075-1149 515 IV. RESEARCH OPPORTUNITIES IN THE OTTOMAN AND TURKISH ARCHIVES 23) 'The Ottoman Archives as a Source for Egyptian History, ' Journal of the American Oriental Society, vol. 83, no. 4 (1963), pp. 447-452. ... 577 24) 'New Research Opportunities in the Ottoman Archives of Istanbul' Belleten C. LV III Sa. 222 (Turk Tarih Kurumu 1994). ... 587 25) 'The Archives of Turkey: An Evaluation, ' Wiener Zeitschrift fir die Kunde Des Morgenlandes, vol. 69 (1977), pp. 91-98 ... 595 26) 'Ottoman Archival Materials for the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries: the Archives of Istanbul', International Journal of Middle East Studies, VI (1975) pp. 94-114. ... 601 27) 'Ottoman and Turkish Studies in the United States', The Ottoman State and its Place in World History, ed. K.H. Karpat (Leiden, 1974) pp. 118-129. ... 627.